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SPM Physics Concepts Explained

Student exploring SPM Physics concepts with hands-on apparatus

Short, clear concept explainers, the idea first, then how it is examined.

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Choose a concept for the full explainer.

Measurement

Why significant figures matter

Measurement

Scalars and vectors in everyday terms

Measurement

Why a vernier caliper reads finer than a ruler

Force and Motion I

What inertia really is

Force and Motion I

Why a seatbelt works

Force and Motion I

Why heavier objects do not fall faster

Gravitation

Why astronauts float in space

Gravitation

How satellites stay in orbit

Gravitation

What gravitational field strength means

Heat

Why the sea heats up slower than land

Heat

Why sweating cools you down

Heat

Why a pressure cooker cooks faster

Waves

How noise-cancelling headphones work

Waves

Why we can hear around corners

Waves

What resonance is

Light and Optics

Why a straw looks bent in water

Light and Optics

How optical fibres trap light

Light and Optics

How a magnifying glass makes things bigger

Force and Motion II

Why a ladder slips on a smooth floor

Force and Motion II

How a spring balance measures weight

Force and Motion II

Why a tightrope can never be perfectly horizontal

Pressure

Why pressure increases with depth

Pressure

How a hydraulic jack lifts a car

Pressure

Why ships float even though they are heavy

Pressure

How an aeroplane wing generates lift

Electricity

What potential difference really is

Electricity

Why resistors in parallel lower the total resistance

Electricity

What e.m.f. and internal resistance mean

Electromagnetism

How an electric motor turns

Electromagnetism

How a transformer changes voltage

Electromagnetism

How a generator induces current

Electronics

What a semiconductor diode does

Electronics

How a transistor acts as a switch

Electronics

What doping does to a semiconductor

Nuclear Physics

What half-life means

Nuclear Physics

Why nuclear reactions release so much energy

Nuclear Physics

Why radioactive decay is random

Quantum Physics

What the photoelectric effect shows

Quantum Physics

What a photon is

Quantum Physics

Why brighter red light still cannot eject electrons

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