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Gravitational acceleration, Meaning (SPM Physics)

The acceleration of an object in free fall due to gravity, about 9.81 m s⁻² near the Earth's surface.

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EnglishGravitational acceleration
Bahasa MelayuPecutan graviti
中文重力加速度

Definition

The acceleration of an object in free fall due to gravity, about 9.81 m s⁻² near the Earth's surface.

Force and Motion I

In exam terms

Gravitational acceleration is the acceleration of an object in free fall caused by gravity. Its symbol is g, its SI unit is the metre per second squared (m s⁻²), and near the Earth's surface it is about 9.81 m s⁻² (often taken as 10 m s⁻² in calculations).

Because it is an acceleration, it is used directly in the equations of motion. For example, an object dropped from rest gains speed at v = gt, so after 2 s its velocity is v = 10 m s⁻² × 2 s = 20 m s⁻¹ downward.

Do not confuse it with field strength

Do not confuse gravitational acceleration with gravitational field strength. They share the symbol g and have the same numerical value, but gravitational acceleration is measured in m s⁻² (an acceleration) while field strength is measured in N kg⁻¹ (force per unit mass).

Both differ from the universal gravitational constant G (6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ N m² kg⁻²).

In Paper 2 a question may ask you to state the value of the gravitational acceleration or to use g in a calculation, so quote the value with the correct unit.

Source: DSKP KSSM Physics Form 4 and 5 (Versi English) (Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum (BPK), KPM)

Frequently asked questions

What is the symbol and unit of gravitational acceleration?
Its symbol is g and its SI unit is the metre per second squared (m s⁻²). Near the Earth's surface it is about 9.81 m s⁻².
Is gravitational acceleration the same as gravitational field strength?
They have the same numerical value and symbol g, but acceleration is measured in m s⁻² while field strength is measured in N kg⁻¹.
Does gravitational acceleration depend on the mass of the object?
No. All objects in free fall have the same gravitational acceleration g, regardless of their mass.

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