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Physical quantity, Meaning (SPM Physics)

A quantity that can be measured, consisting of a numerical value and a unit.

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EnglishPhysical quantity
Bahasa MelayuKuantiti fizik
中文物理量

Definition

A quantity that can be measured, consisting of a numerical value and a unit.

Measurement

In exam terms

A physical quantity is any property that can be measured, and it always has two parts: a numerical value (magnitude) and a unit. A value written without a unit is meaningless in physics.

For example, the length of a wire may be written as l = 25 cm, where 25 is the value and cm is the unit. Physical quantities are grouped into base quantities (length, mass, time, current, temperature) and derived quantities (speed, density).

They may also be scalar or vector. Note that a symbol stands for the quantity (m for mass) while the unit is separate (kg).

Do not confuse it with the unit

Do not confuse a physical quantity with its unit. The quantity is the property measured, such as length; the unit is the agreed standard used to state it, such as the metre.

So current is a quantity, while the ampere is its unit.

In Paper 2, a question that says state the physical quantity measured by a stopwatch wants the answer time, not the unit second. Watch the command word: state asks for a short answer, while define asks you to explain that a quantity has a numerical value and a unit.

Source: DSKP KSSM Physics Form 4 and 5 (Versi English) (Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum (BPK), KPM)

Frequently asked questions

Does every physical quantity have a unit?
Most do, but a few derived quantities are ratios of the same kind of quantity and have no unit, such as refractive index and relative density. For all others you must always write the unit.
Is a symbol the same as a unit?
No. The symbol represents the quantity (for example v for velocity), while the unit states how it is measured (m s⁻¹). Keep the two apart in your working.
How should I write a physical quantity in an answer?
Write the symbol, an equals sign, the numerical value, then the unit, for example t = 3.0 s. Marks are lost if the unit is left out.

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