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Virtual image, Meaning (SPM Physics)

An image formed where light rays only appear to come from, which cannot be captured on a screen.

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EnglishVirtual image
Bahasa MelayuImej maya
中文虚像

Definition

An image formed where light rays only appear to come from, which cannot be captured on a screen.

Light and Optics

In exam terms

A virtual image is an image formed where light rays only appear to come from, but do not actually meet. Because no real rays cross at that point, a virtual image cannot be caught on a screen; you can only see it by looking into the lens or mirror.

A plane mirror always forms an upright virtual image the same size as the object, at an equal distance behind the mirror. A converging lens forms a magnified, upright virtual image when the object is inside the focal length, which is how a magnifying glass works.

Example sentence of correct use: The enlarged, upright letters seen through a magnifying glass form a virtual image. A virtual image has no unit and is described by distance (m) and magnification.

Do not confuse it with a real image

Do not confuse a virtual image with a real image. A real image forms where rays truly converge, so it can be projected onto a screen and is inverted for a single converging lens.

The screen test settles it: a virtual image never appears on a screen, a real image does.

In Paper 2 you may be asked to state the characteristics of the image (virtual, upright, magnified or diminished), or to explain why the image cannot be caught on a screen. In a ray diagram, the virtual image is found by extending the outgoing rays backwards as dashed lines until they appear to cross.

Source: DSKP KSSM Physics Form 4 and 5 (Versi English) (Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum (BPK), KPM)

Frequently asked questions

Why can't a virtual image be shown on a screen?
Because the light rays do not actually meet at the image position; they only appear to come from there. With no real light arriving at that point, a screen placed there shows nothing.
Is the image in a plane mirror real or virtual?
It is virtual. The image is upright, the same size as the object, laterally inverted, and located as far behind the mirror as the object is in front. It cannot be caught on a screen.
How do I draw a virtual image in a ray diagram?
Trace the two rays after they leave the lens or mirror, then extend them backwards using dashed lines. The point where the dashed extensions appear to cross is the virtual image.

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