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Planck's constant, Meaning (SPM Physics)

The fundamental constant h relating the energy of a photon to its frequency (E = hf), with a value of about 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ J s.

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EnglishPlanck's constant
Bahasa MelayuPemalar Planck
中文普朗克常数

Definition

The fundamental constant h relating the energy of a photon to its frequency (E = hf), with a value of about 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ J s.

Quantum Physics

In exam terms

Planck's constant is the fundamental constant h that links the energy of a photon to its frequency through E = hf. Its value is about 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ J s, and its unit is the joule second (J s).

It is one of the most important constants in quantum physics.

Because h is so tiny, quantum effects are only noticeable for very small systems like atoms and photons. A correct exam use: h is the gradient of a graph of photon energy E against frequency f. In photoelectric experiments, h can be found from the gradient of the graph of maximum kinetic energy against frequency.

Do not confuse it with…

Do not confuse Planck's constant h with the photon energy E. Planck's constant is a fixed number (6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ J s) that never changes; photon energy E = hf changes with frequency. h is a constant of proportionality, not an energy.

In Paper 2 this is asked as state the value and unit of h, or determine h from the gradient of an energy–frequency graph. When reading it from a graph, remember the gradient equals h in units of J s, and never quote h without its unit.

Source: DSKP KSSM Physics Form 4 and 5 (Versi English) (Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum (BPK), KPM)

Frequently asked questions

What is the value and unit of Planck's constant?
Planck's constant h is about 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ J s (joule second). It is a fixed fundamental constant used in E = hf to link photon energy to frequency.
How can Planck's constant be found from an experiment?
In the photoelectric experiment, plot maximum kinetic energy of emitted electrons against frequency. The graph is a straight line whose gradient equals h in J s.
Why is Planck's constant so important?
It sets the scale of quantum effects. Because energy comes in packets of size hf, h determines how energy is exchanged between light and matter at the atomic level.

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