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Weight, Meaning (SPM Physics)

The gravitational force acting on an object's mass; a vector quantity (weight = mass × gravitational field strength), measured in newtons (N).

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中文重量

Definition

The gravitational force acting on an object's mass; a vector quantity (weight = mass × gravitational field strength), measured in newtons (N).

Force and Motion I

In exam terms

Weight is the gravitational force acting on an object's mass. It is a vector directed towards the centre of the Earth and measured in newtons (N).

It is found from weight = mass × gravitational field strength, written W = mg.

Here m is the mass in kilograms (kg) and g is the gravitational field strength, about 9.81 N kg⁻¹ near the Earth's surface. For example, a 5 kg bag has weight W = mg = 5 kg × 9.81 N kg⁻¹ = 49.05 N. On the Moon, where g is smaller, the same bag weighs less although its mass is unchanged.

Do not confuse it with…

Do not confuse weight with mass. Mass is the amount of matter in an object, a scalar measured in kilograms (kg) that stays the same everywhere.

Weight is a force in newtons (N) that changes with the gravitational field strength, so it is smaller on the Moon than on Earth.

In Paper 2 a frequent explain question asks why an astronaut's weight changes but mass does not on another planet. State that mass measures inertia and is constant, while weight = mg depends on the local value of g.

Source: DSKP KSSM Physics Form 4 and 5 (Versi English) (Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum (BPK), KPM)

Frequently asked questions

Why does weight change on the Moon but mass does not?
Weight = mg, and the Moon's gravitational field strength g is smaller, so weight is smaller. Mass is the amount of matter and does not depend on g, so it is unchanged.
What is the unit of weight?
The newton (N), because weight is a force. It is wrong to give weight in kilograms; kilograms are the unit of mass.
How do I calculate weight?
Use W = mg. Multiply the mass in kilograms by the gravitational field strength, about 9.81 N kg⁻¹ near the Earth's surface.

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