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Significant figures, Meaning (SPM Physics)

The digits in a measurement that carry meaningful information about its precision.

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EnglishSignificant figures
Bahasa MelayuAngka bererti
中文有效数字

Definition

The digits in a measurement that carry meaningful information about its precision.

Measurement

In exam terms

Significant figures are the digits in a measurement that carry meaningful information about how precisely it was measured. They include all non-zero digits, any zeros between them, and trailing zeros in a decimal number.

For example, 0.00450 m has three significant figures (4, 5 and the final 0). The number of significant figures should match the precision of the instrument used.

In calculations, the answer is usually given to the same number of significant figures as the least precise measurement. A correct sentence: The reading 2.30 A is stated to three significant figures.

Do not confuse it with decimal places

Do not confuse significant figures with decimal places. The number 0.0250 has three significant figures but four decimal places, so the two counts can differ.

In Paper 2, a numerical answer that is not rounded to a sensible number of significant figures can lose a mark, and rounding too early causes errors. Keep extra digits during working and round only the final answer.

If asked to give an answer to 3 significant figures, count from the first non-zero digit.

Source: DSKP KSSM Physics Form 4 and 5 (Versi English) (Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum (BPK), KPM)

Frequently asked questions

How many significant figures does 0.00308 have?
Three. The leading zeros are not significant, but 3, 0 and 8 are, so it has three significant figures.
Are significant figures the same as decimal places?
No. 0.0250 has three significant figures but four decimal places. Count significant figures from the first non-zero digit.
To how many significant figures should I give my answer?
Usually to the same number as the least precise measurement in the question. Avoid rounding during the working; round only at the end.

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